History BA II (जमातवाद आणि फाळणी)

(Partition of India)

(econtent developed by Sawant S. R.)

Hindi BA II (कितने प्रश्न ...)

(econtent written by Dr Gajanan Bhosale, Savitribai Phule Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Satara)

English BA II (Defend Yourself)

(Bapsi Sidhwa/बाप्सी सिध्वा)

Q. Discuss the plot of the story “Defend Yourself Against Me”

“Defend Yourself Against Me” is a short story written by Bapsi Sidhwa. Bapsi Sidhwa is a Pakistani writer. The story “Defend Yourself Against Me” deals with the bitter (कडवट) experiences of partition.

            The major setting of the novel is Houston, America. The story revolves around (गुंफलेली आहे) Ammijee, the mother of Sikander Khan. Mrs Joy Jacobs is a narrator of the story. Sikander and Mrs Jacobs meet in Houston in the house of Mr Kishen. Sikander and Mrs Jacobs are from Lahore, Pakistan. Sikkander remembers someone named Joy living in his neighbourhood (शेजार) in Lahore when he was a child.

Mrs Jacobs too remembers her childhood in Lahore. It is a story of 1948. The wave (लाट/भर) of bloodshed (रक्तपात) and violence (हिंसाचार) after partition is over (संपला आहे). Sikander and his family have been shifted to the neighbourhood of Joy Jacobs. Sikander and his family members are the refugees (शरणागत). They have fled (पळून आले आहेत) from India. Sikander’s father and uncles are killed by the Sikhs. In fact, Sikander is also attacked. Joy remembers Sikander carrying the scar (व्रण) of the wound (जखम) on his head. Joy also remembers Ammiji. Joy remembers that Ammiji has gone through some terrible experience (भयावह अनुभव). But she remains unaware  (अनभिद्न्य/माहित नसणे) about it for many years.

After so many years, once again Mrs Joy Jacobs meets Sikander and his family. This time they meet in America. Sikander is still carrying the scar on his head. To hide (लपवणे) the scar, he uses a wig (नकली केसांचा टोप). From Sikander Mrs Joy Jacobs comes to know about Ammiji’s tragic experience of the partition. When the family was attacked by the Sikhs, Ammiji was kidnapped, raped and sold. Ammiji carries this pain (वेदना) in her heart for years (कित्येक वर्षे).

In the story, there are two more characters – Pratab and Khushwant. They belong to the Sikh community. They are the friends of Mr Sikander Khan. When they listen to the sad story of Ammiji, they decide to seek forgiveness. (माफी मागणे)

Pratab and Khushwant come to the house of Mr Sikander in the guise (रूप बदलून) of Indian fakirs (फकीर/साधू). They fall to the ground and appeal (याचना करणे)Ammiji, “Maajee,(माँजी) forgive us. Forgive the wrongs (चुका/प्रमाद) of our fathers.” Soon everyone realises the identity of the fakirs. At first, Ammijee becomes angry with them and announces, “I will never forgive your fathers”. But after some time, she calms down (शांत झाल्यानंतर/राग निवळल्यानंतर) and in a helpless tone (असहाय स्वरात) says, “My sons, I forgave your fathers long ago. How else could I live?”

In this way, the story presents the horrific experiences of the partition. Partition spared no one (फाळणीच्या तडाख्यातून कोणीही वाचू शकले नाही). Millions of Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims shared the same lot (सर्वांचे भोग एकसारखेच होते).  The title of the story is borrowed from a poem written by Pedro Shimose. Shimose is a Bolivian poet. In the poem, the speaker asks the people to “Defend yourself” who have misbehaved (गैरवर्तणूक करणे) with the speaker.     

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(econtent developed by Dr N. A. Jarandikar)

History BA II (भारतीय स्वातंत्र्य चळवळीचा इतिहास)

Pt. Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi and Sardar Patel

राधनागरी कॉलेज राधनागरी

असायनमेंट-इतिहास विभाग

बी ए भाग -2

भारतीय स्वातंत्र्य चळवळीचा इतिहास (1858 ते 1947)

पेपर क्र 6, दिनांक 8/ 4 /2020, 

                                                                                                       एकूण गुण -30

प्रश्न क्र 1) भारतीय राष्ट्रीय सभेच्या उदयाची कारणे लिहा.                                                                        10

प्रश्न क्र 2) 1885 ते 1905 या काळातील मावळ काँग्रेसच्या कार्याची माहिती द्या                                          10

प्रश्न क्र 3 खालील पैकी 2 टिपा लिहा.   (प्रत्येकी 5 गुण)                                                                            10                   
अ) अॅलन ह्यूम
ब) राष्ट्रीय सभेची धोरणे
क) न्यायमूर्ती रानडे

English BA II (Five Point Someone)

Q. Discuss the plot of the novel ‘Five Point Someone’.

Introduction: The bestselling novel, ‘Five Point Someone’ is written by Chetan Bhagat. Chetan Bhagat has completed his graduation from IIT, Delhi and MBA from IIM, Ahmedabad. ‘Five Point Someone’ is Chetan Bhagat’s first novel.  ‘One Night @ the Call Centre’, ‘2 Sates’, ‘Half Girl Friend’ are some other popular novels written by Chetan Bhagat. The novel ‘Five Point Someone’ deals with the friendship of three intimate college students. As the major events in the novel takes place in one college, the novel is described as “a campus novel”.

Main Characters: The names of the three friends are Hari Kumar, Alok Gupta and Ryan Oberoi. They are taking their education at IIT, Delhi. They live on the second floor in the Kumaon hostel (कुमाउं हॉस्टेल). Hari Kumar is a narrator of the novel. He is in love with Neha, the daughter of Prof. Cherian. Ryan Oberoi is from a rich family. He is full of creative ideas. His father is a rich businessman. Alok Gupta belongs to a poor family. His sister is unmarried because the family doesn’t have money to give dowry (हुंडा).

Beginning of friendship and criticism of education system: The novel begins with the ragging of Hari, Alok and Ryan by the seniors. Ryan challenges the seniors and ragging comes to an end. This incidence (घटना) brings the three friends closer. Ryan becomes their leader. They watch movies, go to gym, they have fun. They want to enjoy the hostel and college life. They do not find any interesting in the education pattern of IIT. Ryan is a severe critic (कठोर टीकाकार) of the IIT’s education system. He considers the hostel life as the prisoner’s life (कैद्याचे जीवन). Looking at the attitude of these three friends, Prof. Cherian becomes hostile (शत्रुत्वाची भावना) with them.

Stealing (चोरणे) of question papers:  The three friends neglect (दुर्लक्ष करणे) their studies. In every semester they get the average grades (five points).  In the last year, they realise that they should get good grades, otherwise they will not get good jobs. But getting good grades is very difficult for them. So Ryan plans to steal the question papers from the office of Prof. Cherian. They take the help of Neha, the daughter of Prof. Cherian in stealing the question papers. But while stealing the papers, Alok foolishly makes a call from office to his mother. The security man suspects the movements of the three friends and they are caught red handed (रंगे हात सापडणे). As a punishment, they face DisCo. The committee suspends all of the three for one semester.  The career of the three friends is almost (जवळपास) over (संपणे).

Change in Prof. Cherian: Prof. Cherian is very much upset by the sad and untimely (अकाली) death of his son, Samir. One day, Prof. Cherian gets a letter which Neha has given to Hari to keep it safe. It is actually a suicide (आत्महत्या) note written by Samir. After reading the suicide note, Prof. Cherian realises that he is responsible for the death of his son. It brings change in the attitude of Prof. Cherian. He decides to help the three friends.

Friends realise their mistake: Meanwhile the three friends too, realise their mistake. They become serious about their life and career. They work very hard. Prof. Cherian agrees to consider their seventh semester as a research semester. This will help them to improve their grades.

All is well that ends well: Towards the end of the academic year, Prof. Cherian asks the friends to prepare for the job interviews. Finally, Hari gets a job in Bombay and Alok gets a job in Delhi. Afterwards, Alok goes to the USA. Ryan starts working as a Research Assistant with Prof. Veera.  He gets stipend (स्टायपेंड/ विद्यावेतन; शिष्यवृत्ती) of Rs. 2000/- per month. Ryan’s father promises to invest amount in his project. Prof. Cherian is ready for the marriage of Hari and Neha. Neha completes her fashion designing course and starts to search a job in Bombay. On this happy note, the novel ends.

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DisCo (डिस्को): Disciplinary Committee- IIT मध्ये गैरवर्तन करणाऱ्या विद्यार्थ्यांसाठी ही कमिटी स्थापन केली जाते. या कमिटीने शिक्षा सुनावल्यानंतर एखाद्याचे IIT मधील करिअर सपू शकते. Disco Dance and DisCo दोन वेगवेगळ्या गोष्टी आहेत.

GPA: IIT मध्ये इंजिनिअरिंगचा चार वर्षाचा कोर्स असतो. कोर्स पूर्ण झाल्यानंतर B.Tech. ही डिग्री प्राप्त होते. प्रत्येक वर्षाला दोन अशी एकूण आठ सेमिस्टर असतात. सेमिस्टरचा निकाल हा मिळालेल्या गुणांचे १० पॉइंटमध्ये रुपांतर करून दिला जातो. याला GPA पद्धत म्हणतात. १० GPA हा निकाल सर्वोत्तम मानला जातो, तर ०५ GPA (Five Point) हा सर्वसाधारण निकाल मानला जातो.

(econtent written by Dr N. A. Jarandikar)

English BA II (Five Point Someone)

Five Point Someone v/s Three Idiots

Five Point Someone	Three Idiots
Novel	Cinema
Subtitle: What not to do at IIT	No subtitle
Novel published in 2004	Film released in 2009
Three friends:	Three friends:
1)      Hari Kumar (हरी कुमार)	1) Farhan Qureshi (फरहान कुरेशी)
2)      Alok Gupta (अलोक गुप्ता)	2) Raju Rastogi (राजू रस्तोगी)
3)      Ryan Oberoi (रायन ओबेरॉय)	3) Ranchoddas Shamaldas Chanchad (“Rancho”) (रणछोडदास शामलदास छांछड / रँचो)
Place: IIT Delhi (Indian Institute of Technology)	Place: ICE, Delhi (Imperial College of Engineering)
Neha Cherian (नेहा चेरियन) (Hari’s girlfriend)	Piya Sahastrabuddhe (पिया सहस्त्रबुद्धे) (Rancho’s girlfriend)
Prof. Cherian (Neha’s father)	Dr Viru Sahastrbuddhe (Piya’s father)
The novel ends when the three friends complete the graduation.	The film shows the life of the friends after 10 years of graduation.
There is no reference to Phunsukh Wangdu in the novel.	Rancho is shown as Phunsukh Wangdu, an educationist. (फुन्सुख वान्ग्डू)

·         Subtitle: उपशीर्षक

·         IIT: ही भारतातील इंजिनियरिंग मधील शिक्षण देणारी सर्वोच्च संस्था आहे. मुंबई, दिल्ली, मद्रास, कानपूर, इ. २३ ठिकाणी या संस्थेची भारतभरात कॉलेजीस आहेत. दरवर्षी लाखो मुले इथे प्रवेश घेण्यासाठी धडपडतात. भारतातील बुद्धिवंत विद्यार्थ्यांचे माहेरघर म्हणून IIT कडे पहिले जाते. असे म्हणतात की अमेरिका आणि युरोपमधील प्रगतीमध्ये या विद्यार्थ्यांचा सिंहाचा वाटा आहे.  

·         Three Idiots हा सिनेमा Five Point Someone या कादंबरीवर बेतलेला आहे. मात्र सिनेमात दाखवलेल्या सर्वच गोष्टी कादंबरीत आलेल्या नाहीत. तीन मित्रांचे IIT मधील शिक्षण संपते इथे कादंबरी संपते. रँचो व त्याचा भूतकाळ आणि त्याची फुन्सुख वान्ग्डू ही नवी ओळख हे तपशील कादंबरीमध्ये दिसत नाहीत.

·         कादंबरीमध्ये नेहा आणि हरी यांची मैत्री दाखवलेली आहे. तर सिनेमामध्ये रँचो आणि पिया यांची मैत्री दाखवलेली आहे 

    (econtent developed by Dr N. A. Jarandikar)

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History BA II (महाराष्ट्रातील नैसर्गिक आपत्ती)

 महाराष्ट्रातील नैसर्गिक आपत्ती (कोयना भूकंप 1967)

Koyana Dam

आपत्ती: अचानक आलेले संकट उत्पाद अथवा दुर्घटना
आपत्तीचे प्रकार: १. त्सुनामी 2. महापूर ३. जंगलातील वणवा ४.वादळे अथवा चक्रीवादळे ५ भूस्खलन दरडी कोसळणे         ६. अवर्षण/सुका दुष्काळ ७. अतिवृष्टी ८. साथीचे रोग
९. भूकंप
कोयनेचा भूकंप 11 डिसेंबर 1967 पहाटे चार वाजून 21 मिनिटांनी: अ: जीवित व वित्त हानी ब. कोयनेच्या विकासावर परिणाम क. परिसराची वाताहत ड. तातडीच्या उपाययोजना
महाराष्ट्राचे तत्कालीन गृहमंत्री लोकनेते बाळासाहेब देसाई यांचे भूकंपग्रस्तांसाठी चे कार्य

लातूर भूकंप : 30 सप्टेंबर 1993
भूकंपाचे परिणाम अ. भू पृष्ठाला भेगा पडणे ब. रस्ते पूल इमारती विजेच्या तारा रूळ यांची हानी क. भूजल पातळीत मोठे बदल ड. त्सुनामी लाटांची निर्मिती


https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/article-on-koyna-earthquakes-in-1967-by-deepak-modak-1598537/


(econtent written by Dr V. D. Dhere)